Idiopathic Head Tremor Syndrome

Idiopathic head tremor syndrome is a benign condition and has no known cause. It can occur in any breed, but is more commonly seen in English and French Bulldogs. Most dogs have their first episode between 6 months and 3 years of age.

We generally suspect Idiopathic Head Tremor Syndrome if there are focal head tremors in the absence of other neurological abnormalities. There is no specific test to diagnose the condition – it is a ‘diagnosis of exclusion’ i.e.. we can only make the diagnosis by ruling out other causes. Investigation of tremors usually involves a thorough neurological examination, and may also involve blood tests, CT scan and a CSF tap. These tests may not be recommended initially in dogs that can be distracted out of an episode (see below).

What do the tremors looks like?

During a tremor, the head shakes uncontrollably, sometimes up and down, sometimes side to side. Tremors usually last several minutes and can occur several times daily (in the majority of dogs), or just a couple of times a year. In a small percentage of cases, tremors may last for an hour or more. They are not painful and dogs are usually conscious and aware during episodes. Stress is a suspected trigger.

 

What can you do about it?

The majority of dogs can be distracted out of an episode. Call their name or try distracting their attention with a tasty treat or favourite toy. As stress can be a trigger, try not to panic – your dog will pick up on your anxiety and this may prolong the tremor.

There is unfortunately no known cure and there is no evidence for any reportedly used treatments that lead to any improvement in the condition. Idiopathic tremors are not associated with seizures (thus – anti seizure medication will have no effect), and are rarely life-threatening. The syndrome does not progress to cause other neurological concerns, and in approximately two thirds of patients, tremors decrease in severity or even completely resolve with age.